Jump to content

Bo'ame

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bo'ame
Boocame
Town
Bo'ame is located in Somalia
Bo'ame
Bo'ame
Location within Somalia
Coordinates: 8°23′51.58″N 47°56′15.38″E / 8.3976611°N 47.9376056°E / 8.3976611; 47.9376056
Country Somalia
Regional State
North Eastern State
RegionSool
DistrictLas Anod
Time zoneUTC+3 (EAT)

Bo'ame (Somali: Boocame) is an ancient town in the eastern Sool region.[1] It is the capital of Bo'ame district which includes the small towns of Karin-gorfood, Fardhidin, Dan-Gudban, Caleeli, Buura-wadal and Garaca Dacare and Biriqodayaga.[2]

Until May 2022, Puntland had effective control, then Somaliland forces entered and took over the area.[3] There was a conflict between Puntland and Somaliland in Bo'ame district in August 2022.[4] In early January 2023, the Dhulbahante clan declared Sool and Sanaag regions, including Bo'ame, as SSC-Khatumo state, aligned with Somalia, and requested the Somaliland military to withdraw from the area.[5]

Bo'ame serves as the district’s local market hub for surrounding agro-pastoral communities, with studies citing Bo'ame in market and value-chain assessments; the town is also referenced in national reports for agricultural programming in Sool.[6][7][8][9]

History

[edit]

Before 1980s: Colonial records

[edit]

Bo'ame is listed in the official gazetteer of place names compiled under the British Somaliland Protectorate in the late 1940s, confirming its recognition as a locality at that time.[10]

1990s: Dhulbahante clan councils vs Somaliland

[edit]

In early 1993, the Dhulbahante clan held a reconciliation meeting in Bo'ame (Bo'ame I). Dhulbahante in Kenya participated as well. Many participants opposed the secession of Somaliland, but a 50-member delegation was sent to the 2nd National Somaliland Conference in Borama. After discussions, the Dhulbahante decided to create their own council to provide autonomy.[11]: 51  At the end of 1996, a second meeting (Bo'ame II) was held in Bo'ame, and with diaspora support they resolved to oppose Somaliland. This was one of the foundations for the establishment of Puntland.[11]: 55 

2012–2018: Khatumo movement and Puntland

[edit]

In January 2012, the Dhulbahante clan declared the establishment of the Khatumo State and sought to capture Las Anod and other areas, but were defeated by Somaliland forces on April 1 and retreated to Taleh, Xudun, and Bo'ame.[11] In October 2012, the Puntland Election Commission visited Bo'ame.[12]

In February 2013, District Director Xayle Hassan Shire said that Al-Shabaab had infiltrated Bo'ame rural areas disguised as clerics, and Puntland forces began guarding roads.[13] In December 2013, elder Ugaas Abdullahi Isse declared that Bo'ame is part of Khatumo.[14]

In May 2015, Puntland's Ministry of Education visited the educational situation in Bo'ame district.[15] In November 2016, a drought affected the Bo'ame district.[16] In January 2018, District Director Shire denied rumors of Somaliland troops arriving in Bo'ame and affirmed it was part of Puntland.[17][18] In May 2018, Shire said residents were protesting against a perceived Somaliland incursion.[19]

2018–May 2022: Puntland administration

[edit]

In October 2020, some Puntland soldiers reportedly joined Somaliland forces.[20] In November 2020, a delegation led by Puntland’s Aviation Minister visited Bo'ame to inspect water projects.[21] In January 2021, parliamentary voter registration took place across Somaliland, but no registration occurred in Bo'ame.[22] On 26 February 2021, demonstrations supporting Somalia’s then-president Mohamed Abdullahi Farmaajo took place in Bo'ame.[23] In late February 2021, Puntland’s Home Secretary announced that a local council would be established in Bo'ame district.[24] In early August 2021, Bo'ame elders denied reports that the reconciliation agreement between Saax-maygaag and Sange-jebiye had broken down.[25] At the end of August 2021, a deadly battle broke out in Finley village between Birta-Dheer and Bo'ame.[26] In January 2022, Puntland Vice President Ahmed Elmi Osman visited Bo'ame and met with Saax-maygaag elders, stating he would not return to Garowe until the conflict was resolved.[27]

May–Dec 2022: Somaliland incursion

[edit]

On 18 May 2022, the Somaliland National Army reportedly captured Bo'ame.[28][29] In June 2022, the Somaliland government accused Puntland of promoting war in the Bo'ame region.[30] On 22 June 2022, Somaliland’s Minister of Information stated that Puntland troops were stationed in Galalab, Bo'ame district.[31] On 23 June 2022, Puntland elevated Bo'ame's administrative classification from “C” to “B”.[32][33] On 1 November 2022, Somaliland forces reportedly established a presence in the Bo'ame area with heavy vehicles.[34]

2023–present: Contested control between SSC-Khatumo and Puntland

[edit]

In early January 2023, the Dhulbahante clan declared SSC-Khatumo state and requested Somaliland forces to withdraw, aligning the area with the Federal Government of Somalia.[35] On 9 March 2023, the Somalia Health Cluster reported mobile health teams deployed to Karin-gorfood and Fardhidin in Bo'ame district during the Las Anod conflict.[36] In August 2023, SSC-Khatumo forces captured the key Goojacade military base near Las Anod, after which multiple reports describe that Somaliland forces withdrew from frontline positions around Las Anod.[37] According to ACLED-based reporting, Bo'ame was among Sool localities with security incidents in 2024.[38] In September 2025, Hiiraan Online reported that Puntland deployed troops to Bo'ame District and Falariyale to block voter registration organized by SSC-Khatumo and the Federal Government of Somalia.[39]

Demographics

[edit]

The town is primarily inhabited by the Dhulbahante clan, with the Hassan Ugaas and other Ugaasyo lineages well represented.[40]

Notable people

[edit]
  • Ilyas Osman Lugator – born in Bo'ame, he has served as Vice President of Puntland since January 2024.
  • Abdinuur Biindhe – born in Bo'ame, he became President of Khatumo State in 2012.
  • Jama Yassin Warsame – born in Bo'ame, he served as Speaker of the Parliament of SSC-Khatumo between 2023 and 2025.

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ "European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA) Sool".
  2. ↑ "SOOL REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN (2014–2016)" (PDF). slministryofplanning.org. Somaliland Ministry of Planning. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-07-30. Retrieved 15 November 2017.
  3. ↑ EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM (2023). "Country Guidance: Somalia" (PDF). Retrieved 2023-08-26.
  4. ↑ Somalia: Security Situation February 2023 (PDF). euaa. 2023. p. 22.
  5. ↑ Country Guidance: Somalia August 2023 (PDF). euaa. 2023. p. 192.
  6. ↑ "Assessment Report on Community Dialogue on Market Needs, Jobs and Skills" (PDF). PDRC. June 2021. Retrieved 2025-09-25.
  7. ↑ "Women and Value Chain Analysis & Private Sector Development Study in Puntland". SIDRA Institute (via Policy Commons). 2017. Retrieved 2025-09-25.
  8. ↑ "CBD Sixth National Report – Somalia" (PDF). Convention on Biological Diversity. 2019-11-15. Retrieved 2025-09-25.
  9. ↑ "Somalia Flash Update No. 2: Fighting in Laas Caanood (14 Feb 2023)" (PDF). OCHA Shelter Cluster. 2023-02-14. Retrieved 2025-09-25.
  10. ↑ Hunt, John A. (1951). A General Survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944–1950. Government of Somaliland Protectorate. p. Table 3.
  11. 1 2 3 Markus Virgil Hoehne (2015). Between Somaliland and Puntland. The Rift Valley Institute. ISBN 9781907431135.
  12. ↑ "Guddiga Doorashooyinka KMG ah Puntland oo gaarey deegaaano katirsan Gobolka Sool". daljir. 2012-10-01. Archived from the original on 2023-09-06. Retrieved 2021-05-30.
  13. ↑ "Dhegayso: Deegaano hoostaga Bo'ame oo ay marin ka dhigteen firxadka Al-shabaab". daljir. 2013-02-25. Archived from the original on 2023-12-04. Retrieved 2021-05-30.
  14. ↑ "Isimada Sool oo sheegay in rabitaanka shacabka khaatumo ay muhiim tahay in la tixgeliyo (Dhegeyso)". daljir. 2013-12-10. Archived from the original on 2023-09-06. Retrieved 2021-05-30.
  15. ↑ "Wasaarada Waxbarashada iyo Tacliinta Sare Puntland oo kormeerkii Imtixamaadka ku Tagtay Degmada Bo'ame ee Gobalka Sool". Ministry of education and higher education. 2015-05-28. Archived from the original on 2019-05-01. Retrieved 2021-05-20.
  16. ↑ "DHEGEYSO—Bo'ame iyo deegaamo hoos yimaada oo xaalad culusi kajidho". daljir. 2016-11-29. Archived from the original on 2023-09-06. Retrieved 2021-05-30.
  17. ↑ "Guddoomiyaha Bo'ame oo sheegay in Ciidamadda Puntland Bo'ame ku suganyihiin (dhegayso)". daljir. 2018-01-28. Archived from the original on 2023-12-04. Retrieved 2021-05-30.
  18. ↑ "Puntland: Xayle oo beeniyay in Bo'ame la qabsaday". Garowe Online. 2018-02-05. Archived from the original on 2023-09-06. Retrieved 2021-05-30.
  19. ↑ "Guddoomiye Xayle Xasan, Bo'ame: "Shacabku dagaal buu heeggan u yahay waxaana socda kacdoon" (dhegayso)". daljir. 2018-05-31. Archived from the original on 2023-09-06. Retrieved 2021-05-30.
  20. ↑ "Ciidamo Ka Goostay Maamulka Puntland Oo Ku Biiray Somaliland". radiodalsan.com. 2020-10-13. Archived from the original on 2023-12-04. Retrieved 2021-05-30.
  21. ↑ "Wafti ka socda Puntland oo gaaray Degmada Bo'ame (VIDEO)". idilnews.com. 2020-11-02. Archived from the original on 2023-09-06. Retrieved 2021-05-30.
  22. ↑ "Diiwaan gelinta codbixiyayaasha oo guud ahaan Gobolka Sool ka bilaabantay". goboladaradio.net. 2021-01-10. Archived from the original on 2023-09-06. Retrieved 2021-05-30.
  23. ↑ "Sawirro: Banaanbaxyo lagu taageerayo madaxweyne Farmaajo oo ka dhacay gudaha Puntland". Puntland Times. 2021-02-26. Archived from the original on 2023-09-06. Retrieved 2021-05-30.
  24. ↑ "Puntland oo Gole deegaan u sameynayaa degmooyin ay kamid yihiin Bo'ame iyo Towfiiq". idilnews.com. 2021-02-28. Archived from the original on 2023-09-06. Retrieved 2021-05-30.
  25. ↑ "ODAYAASHA BO'AME OO BEENIYAY IN LA KALA QAADAY DHINACYADII KU DAGAALLAMAY SAAX-MAYGAAG". puntlandpost.net. 2021-08-05. Archived from the original on 2023-09-06. Retrieved 2022-01-08.
  26. ↑ "KHASAARE XOOGGAN OO KA DHASHAY DAGAAL KA DHACAY TUULA U DHEXAYSA BIRTA-DHEER IYO BO'AME". puntlandpost.net. 2021-08-29. Archived from the original on 2023-09-06. Retrieved 2022-01-08.
  27. ↑ "Axmed Karaash "Kuma Laaban Doono Garoowe Illaa Xal Laga Gaaro Colaadda Saax-Maygaag"". radiodalsan.com. 2022-01-04. Archived from the original on 2023-09-06. Retrieved 2022-01-08.
  28. ↑ "CIIDANKA QARANKA SOMALILAND OO QABSADAY DEGMADA BOOCAME OO KATIRSAN GOBOLKA SOOL GACANTA SOMALILAND KA MAQNAYD". berberatoday.com. 2022-05-18. Archived from the original on 2022-10-22. Retrieved 2022-05-21.
  29. ↑ "ACLED Regional Overview – Africa (14–20 May 2022)". 2022-05-25. Archived from the original on 2023-12-04. Retrieved 2022-06-05.
  30. ↑ "Dawladda Somaliland Oo Digniin U Dirtay Maamulka Puntland Oo Ciidamo Ku Soo Daabushay Sool". geeska.net. 2022-06-19. Archived from the original on 2023-12-04. Retrieved 2022-07-17.
  31. ↑ "DAWLADDA SOMALILAND OO DIGNIIN U DIRTAY MAAMULKA PUNTLAND OO CIIDAMO KU SOO DAABULAYA DEEGAAMO HOOS YIMAADA GOBOLKA SOOL". berberatoday.com. 2022-06-22. Archived from the original on 2023-09-06. Retrieved 2022-07-17.
  32. ↑ "Maxaa Looga Hadlay Shirka Golaha Wasiirrada Puntland?". goobjoog.com. 2022-06-23. Archived from the original on 2023-09-06. Retrieved 2022-07-17.
  33. ↑ "Isbedel lagu sameeyay darajada degmooyin yaala Puntland". garoweonline.com. 2022-06-23. Archived from the original on 2023-09-06. Retrieved 2022-07-17.
  34. ↑ "SOMALILAND OO PUNTLAND KALA WAREEGTAY DEEGAAN MUHIIM AH". berberatoday.com. 2022-11-01. Archived from the original on 2022-11-03. Retrieved 2022-11-03.
  35. ↑ Country Guidance: Somalia August 2023 (PDF). euaa. 2023. p. 192.
  36. ↑ "Somalia: Health Cluster – Laascaanood conflict update (09 March 2023)". ReliefWeb. Health Cluster Somalia. 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2025-09-25.
  37. ↑ "SCC-Khatumo forces capture key military bases from Somaliland army". Hiiraan Online. 2023-08-25. Retrieved 2025-09-24.
  38. ↑ "Somalia, second quarter 2024 – Update on incidents according to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED)" (PDF). ecoi.net. ACCORD/ecoi.net. 2024-08-07. Retrieved 2025-09-24.
  39. ↑ "Puntland deploys troops to block voter registration in Sool region". Hiiraan Online. 2025-09-08. Retrieved 2025-09-24.
  40. ↑ Hoehne, Markus Virgil (January 2011). Political Orientations and Repertoires of Identification: State and Identity Formation in Northern Somalia. p. 178. Retrieved 2023-02-10.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bo%27ame&oldid=1378243658"