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ful

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Translingual

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Etymology

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Clipping of English Fula or Fula Fulfulde.

Symbol

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ful

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Fula.

See also

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Catalan

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Catalan Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ca

Etymology

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    Borrowed from Fula 𞤊𞤵𞤤𞤬𞤵𞤤𞤣𞤫.

    Pronunciation

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    • Audio (Barcelona):(file)

    Adjective

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    ful (invariable)

    1. (relational) of Fula

    Noun

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    ful m (uncountable)

    1. Fula
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    Danish

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    Etymology

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    From Old Danish fuul, from Old Norse fúll, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz. Cognate with Swedish ful, English foul, German faul, Dutch vuil.

    Pronunciation

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    Adjective

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    ful (neuter fult, plural and definite singular attributive fule)

    1. (dated) nasty, ugly
      Synonym: styg

    Inflection

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    Inflection of ful
    positive comparative superlative
    indefinite common singular ful mere ful mest ful2
    indefinite neuter singular fult mere ful mest ful2
    plural fule mere ful mest ful2
    definite attributive1 fule mere ful mest fule

    1 When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite,
    the corresponding "indefinite" form is used.
    2 The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

    References

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    Jamaican Creole

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    Etymology

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      Inherited from English full.

      Adjective

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      ful

      1. full

      Further reading

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      • ful at majstro.com
      • “A Learner’s Grammar of Jamaican”, in Open Grammar Project‎[1], 2015, Glossary‎[2]

      Korlai Creole Portuguese

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      Etymology

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        Borrowed from Marathi फूल (phūl).

        Noun

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        ful

        1. flower

        References

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        Maltese

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        Etymology

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          Inherited from Arabic فُول (fūl).

          Pronunciation

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          Noun

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          ful m (collective, singulative fula, paucal fuliet)

          1. broad bean, broad beans

          See also

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          Middle English

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          Etymology 1

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          From Old English full, from Proto-West Germanic *full, from Proto-Germanic *fullaz, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós.

          Alternative forms

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          Adverb

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          ful

          1. very; much; to a great extent
            • 1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:
              And I seide, "Ser, in his tyme maister Ioon Wiclef was holden of ful many men the grettis clerk that thei knewen lyuynge vpon erthe. And therwith he was named, as I gesse worthili, a passing reuli man and an innocent in al his lyuynge. […]
              And I said, "Sir, in his time master John Wycliffe was held by very many men the greatest clerk that they knew living upon earth. And with this he was named, as I believe worthily, an excellent ruly and innocent man in all his living. […]
          2. full
            • ca. 1384, John Wycliffe, Wycliffe Bible (translation from the Vulgate), Genesis 25:8
              and failynge he was deed in a good elde, and of greet age, and ful of dayes, and he was gaderyd to his puple.
              and failing he was dead in a good old [age], and of great age, and full of days, and he was gathered to his people.
          Derived terms
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          Descendants
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          • English: full
          • Scots: fou, full
          • Yola: vull
          References
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          Etymology 2

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          Adjective

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          ful

          1. (chiefly Early Middle English) alternative form of foul (“foul”)

          Etymology 3

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          Noun

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          ful

          1. alternative form of fulle

          Norwegian Bokmål

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          Etymology

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          From Old Norse fúll, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz.

          Pronunciation

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          Adjective

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          ful (masculine and feminine ful, neuter fult, definite singular and plural fule, comparative fulere, indefinite superlative fulest, definite superlative fuleste)

          1. clever, sly

          References

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          Norwegian Nynorsk

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          Etymology

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          From Old Norse fúll, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz.

          Adjective

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          ful (neuter fult, definite singular and plural fule, comparative fulare, indefinite superlative fulast, definite superlative fulaste)

          1. clever, sly

          References

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          Old English

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          Etymology 1

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          From Proto-West Germanic *full.

          Pronunciation

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          Adjective

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          ful

          1. alternative form of full
          Declension
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          Etymology 2

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            From Proto-West Germanic *fūl.

            Pronunciation

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            Adjective

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            fūl

            1. foul (dirty, stinking, vile, corrupt)
              • Exeter Book, riddle 40
                iċ eom wyrslīcre þonne þēs wudu fūla
                oððe þis wāroð þe hēr āworpen liġeð.
                I am viler than this foul wood
                or this seaweed that lies here, cast up
            Declension
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            Derived terms
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            Descendants
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            Etymology 3

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            Possibly from Proto-West Germanic *full

            Pronunciation

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            Adverb

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            ful

            1. very, well
              • 996–997, Ælfric of Eynsham, “Saint Agnes, Virgin”, in Rev. Walter W. Skeat, M.A., ed. and transl., Aelfric's Lives of Saints (Early English Text Society original series 76), volume I, London: N. Trübner & Co., published 1881, page 186:
                ...and ful leof þam casere for his micclan sige þeah þe he nære gefullod .
                ...and very dear to the emperor for his great victory, though he was not baptized.

            Old Frisian

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            Etymology

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            From Proto-West Germanic *full.

            Adjective

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            ful

            1. full

            Descendants

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            • North Frisian:
              Föhr-Amrum: fol
            • West Frisian: fol

            Old Irish

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            Pronunciation

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            Verb

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            ·ful

            1. third-person singular present subjunctive prototonic of fo·loing

            Derived terms

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            Mutation

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            Mutation of ·ful
            radical lenition nasalization
            ·ful ·ḟul ·ful
            pronounced with /β-/

            Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
            All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

            Old Saxon

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            Alternative forms

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            Etymology

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            From Proto-West Germanic *full, from Proto-Germanic *fullaz, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós.

            Adjective

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            ful

            1. full

            Declension

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            Declension of ful
            Strong declension
            singular plural
            masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
            nominative ful ful ful fulle fullu fulle
            accusative fullana ful fulla fulle fullu fulle
            genitive fulles fulles fullaro fullarō fullarō fullarō
            dative fullumu fullumu fullaro fullum fullum fullum
            Weak declension
            singular plural
            masculine neuter feminine
            nominative fullo fulla fulla fullu
            accusative fullun fulla fullun fullun
            genitive fullun fullun fullun fullonō
            dative fullun fullun fullun fullum
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            Descendants

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            Plautdietsch

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            Etymology

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            From Middle Low German vûl, from Old Saxon *fūl, from Proto-West Germanic *fūl.

            Adjective

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            ful

            1. foul, rotten, putrid
            2. lazy, shiftless, indolent, slothful

            Derived terms

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            Polish

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            Pronunciation

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            Etymology 1

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              Borrowed from English full. Doublet of pełny and plenum.

              Alternative forms

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              Adjective

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              ful (not comparable, no derived adverb)

              1. (colloquial) full

              Noun

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              ful m inan

              1. (poker) full house
              2. (colloquial) stout, porter (beer with mid-high hop and alcohol levels)
              3. (colloquial) full house (situation in which a place is filled with people to its maximum capacity)
                Synonym: komplet
              Declension
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              Declension of ful
              singular plural
              nominative ful fule
              genitive fulu fuli
              dative fulowi fulom
              accusative ful fule
              instrumental fulem fulami
              locative fulu fulach
              vocative fulu fule

              Numeral

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              ful

              1. (colloquial) full

              Etymology 2

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                Borrowed from Arabic فُول (fūl).

                Noun

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                ful m inan

                1. type of heavily spiced Egyptian fava bean paste (Is there an English equivalent to this definition?)
                Declension
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                Declension of ful
                singular plural
                nominative ful fule
                genitive fula, fulu fuli
                dative fulowi fulom
                accusative ful fule
                instrumental fulem fulami
                locative fulu fulach
                vocative fulu fule

                Further reading

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                • “ful”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[3] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
                • “ful”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[4] (in Polish)

                Romanian

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                Etymology

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                  Borrowed from English full.

                  Noun

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                  ful n (plural fuluri)

                  1. (poker) full house

                  Declension

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                  singular plural
                  indefinite definite indefinite definite
                  nominative-accusative ful fulul fuluri fulurile
                  genitive-dative ful fulului fuluri fulurilor
                  vocative fulule fulurilor

                  Saterland Frisian

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                  Pronunciation

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                  Etymology 1

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                  From Old Frisian full, from Proto-West Germanic *full. Cognates include West Frisian fol and German voll.

                  Adjective

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                  ful (masculine fullen, feminine, plural or definite fulle, comparative fuller, superlative fulst)

                  1. full
                  Antonyms
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                  • (antonym(s) of “full”): loos

                  Etymology 2

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                  See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

                  Pronoun

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                  ful

                  1. Unstressed form of fúul

                  References

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                  • Marron C. Fort (2015), “ful”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN
                  • Marron C. Fort (2015), “fúul”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

                  Ske

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                  Noun

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                  ful

                  1. moon

                  References

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                  • Darrell T. Tryon, New Hebrides languages: an internal classification (1976)

                  Spanish

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                  Etymology

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                  Of Germanic origin.

                  Pronunciation

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                  • IPA(key): /ˈful/ [ˈful]
                  • Rhymes: -ul
                  • Syllabification: ful

                  Adjective

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                  ful (invariable)

                  1. (slang) cheap, fake

                  Derived terms

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                  Further reading

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                  Swedish

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                  Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
                  Wikipedia sv
                  en ful smiley [an ugly smiley] (sense 1)
                  en ful kvinna [an ugly woman] (sense 1)
                  en byggnad de flesta nog skulle säga är rätt ful [a building most people would probably say is pretty ugly] (sense 1)

                  Etymology

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                  From Old Norse fúll, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz. Compare English foul, Dutch vuil, German faul.

                  Pronunciation

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                  Adjective

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                  ful (comparative fulare, superlative fulast)

                  1. ugly (of displeasing appearance)
                    Antonym: fin
                    • 1994, “Älska mig [Love Me]”, in Sanningens morgon [The Morning of Truth]‎[5], performed by Köttgrottorna:
                      Jag blir äldre och mindre attraktiv. Rent ut sagt fulare. Åren går så fort att jag har svårt att följa med. Jag byter punkfrisyr mot munkfrisyr och ansiktet det skrynklar ihop sig, men mina egocentriska behov, de kvarstår år efter år.
                      I'm getting older and less attractive. Uglier, to put it bluntly. The years go by so fast that I have a hard time keeping up. I exchange punk hairdo for monk hairdo and my face [it – redundant] crumples up, but my egocentric needs, they remain year after year.
                    Det var den fulaste unge jag någonsin sett
                    That's the ugliest kid I've ever seen
                    en ful melodi
                    an ugly melody
                    Could also be interpreted as "a dirty melody," using (sense 2).
                  2. dirty, bad (contradictory to norms or rules)
                    ett fult knep
                    a dirty trick
                    Larsson gjorde en riktigt ful tackling
                    Larsson pulled off a really dirty tackle
                    ett fult ord
                    a bad word
                  3. prefix indicating a state of low or lesser quality: an ironic opposite of fin (“fine, elegant”).
                    • 2000, Mikael Niemi, Populärmusik från Vittula p. 35; English translation by Laurie Thompson: Popular Music from Vittula (2003), p. 36.
                      Hukande tassade han fram till predikstolen, en skygg liten gosse med fulsnaggat hår.
                      Shoulders hunched, he tip-toed toward the pulpit, a bashful little boy with an awful haircut.

                  Usage notes

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                  English foul is a false friend, though cognate. Matches ugly (sense 1) and dirty/bad (sense 2) in meaning and strength.

                  Declension

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                  Inflection of ful
                  Indefinite positive comparative superlative1
                  common singular ful fulare fulast
                  neuter singular fult fulare fulast
                  plural fula fulare fulast
                  masculine plural2 fule fulare fulast
                  Definite positive comparative superlative
                  masculine singular3 fule fulare fulaste
                  all fula fulare fulaste

                  1 The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
                  2 Dated or archaic.
                  3 Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

                  Derived terms

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                  See also

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                  • fin
                  • snygg (“good-looking; handsome”)

                  References

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                  Anagrams

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                  Tok Pisin

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                  Etymology

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                  From English fool.

                  Noun

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                  ful

                  1. fool

                  References

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                  Turkish

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                  Etymology 1

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                  Inherited from Ottoman Turkish فل (ful, “sweet mock orange”), from Arabic فِلّ (fill, “Arabian jasmine”).

                  Noun

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                  ful (definite accusative fulü, plural fuller)

                  1. sweet mock orange, any flowering plant of the species Philadelphus coronarius, native to Caucasus
                  2. Arabian jasmine, any vine of the species Jasminum sambac, whose fragrance is used for perfume
                  Declension
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                  Declension of ful
                  singular plural
                  nominative ful fuller
                  definite accusative fulü fulleri
                  dative fule fullere
                  locative fulde fullerde
                  ablative fulden fullerden
                  genitive fulün fullerin
                  Possessive forms
                  nominative
                  singular plural
                  1st singular fulüm fullerim
                  2nd singular fulün fullerin
                  3rd singular fulü fulleri
                  1st plural fulümüz fullerimiz
                  2nd plural fulünüz fulleriniz
                  3rd plural fulleri fulleri
                  definite accusative
                  singular plural
                  1st singular fulümü fullerimi
                  2nd singular fulünü fullerini
                  3rd singular fulünü fullerini
                  1st plural fulümüzü fullerimizi
                  2nd plural fulünüzü fullerinizi
                  3rd plural fullerini fullerini
                  dative
                  singular plural
                  1st singular fulüme fullerime
                  2nd singular fulüne fullerine
                  3rd singular fulüne fullerine
                  1st plural fulümüze fullerimize
                  2nd plural fulünüze fullerinize
                  3rd plural fullerine fullerine
                  locative
                  singular plural
                  1st singular fulümde fullerimde
                  2nd singular fulünde fullerinde
                  3rd singular fulünde fullerinde
                  1st plural fulümüzde fullerimizde
                  2nd plural fulünüzde fullerinizde
                  3rd plural fullerinde fullerinde
                  ablative
                  singular plural
                  1st singular fulümden fullerimden
                  2nd singular fulünden fullerinden
                  3rd singular fulünden fullerinden
                  1st plural fulümüzden fullerimizden
                  2nd plural fulünüzden fullerinizden
                  3rd plural fullerinden fullerinden
                  genitive
                  singular plural
                  1st singular fulümün fullerimin
                  2nd singular fulünün fullerinin
                  3rd singular fulünün fullerinin
                  1st plural fulümüzün fullerimizin
                  2nd plural fulünüzün fullerinizin
                  3rd plural fullerinin fullerinin
                  Derived terms
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                  Further reading

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                  Etymology 2

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                  Inherited from Ottoman Turkish فول (ful), from Arabic فُول (fūl, “fava bean”).

                  Noun

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                  ful (definite accusative fulü, plural fuller)

                  1. broad bean, any edible bean of the species Vicia faba, widely cultivated as a crop
                    Synonym: bakla
                  Declension
                  [edit]
                  Declension of ful
                  singular plural
                  nominative ful fuller
                  definite accusative fulü fulleri
                  dative fule fullere
                  locative fulde fullerde
                  ablative fulden fullerden
                  genitive fulün fullerin
                  Possessive forms
                  nominative
                  singular plural
                  1st singular fulüm fullerim
                  2nd singular fulün fullerin
                  3rd singular fulü fulleri
                  1st plural fulümüz fullerimiz
                  2nd plural fulünüz fulleriniz
                  3rd plural fulleri fulleri
                  definite accusative
                  singular plural
                  1st singular fulümü fullerimi
                  2nd singular fulünü fullerini
                  3rd singular fulünü fullerini
                  1st plural fulümüzü fullerimizi
                  2nd plural fulünüzü fullerinizi
                  3rd plural fullerini fullerini
                  dative
                  singular plural
                  1st singular fulüme fullerime
                  2nd singular fulüne fullerine
                  3rd singular fulüne fullerine
                  1st plural fulümüze fullerimize
                  2nd plural fulünüze fullerinize
                  3rd plural fullerine fullerine
                  locative
                  singular plural
                  1st singular fulümde fullerimde
                  2nd singular fulünde fullerinde
                  3rd singular fulünde fullerinde
                  1st plural fulümüzde fullerimizde
                  2nd plural fulünüzde fullerinizde
                  3rd plural fullerinde fullerinde
                  ablative
                  singular plural
                  1st singular fulümden fullerimden
                  2nd singular fulünden fullerinden
                  3rd singular fulünden fullerinden
                  1st plural fulümüzden fullerimizden
                  2nd plural fulünüzden fullerinizden
                  3rd plural fullerinden fullerinden
                  genitive
                  singular plural
                  1st singular fulümün fullerimin
                  2nd singular fulünün fullerinin
                  3rd singular fulünün fullerinin
                  1st plural fulümüzün fullerimizin
                  2nd plural fulünüzün fullerinizin
                  3rd plural fullerinin fullerinin
                  Derived terms
                  [edit]

                  Further reading

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                  Etymology 3

                  [edit]

                    Borrowed from English full.

                    Adverb

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                    ful

                    1. (colloquial) completely, through and through
                      kavgada ful sakinliğimi korudum ― I completely retained my calmness during the fight

                    Noun

                    [edit]

                    ful (definite accusative fulu, plural fullar)

                    1. (poker) full house, a hand that consists of three of a kind and a pair
                    2. (of a test) completely correct, aced
                    Declension
                    [edit]
                    Declension of ful
                    singular plural
                    nominative ful fullar
                    definite accusative fulu fulları
                    dative fula fullara
                    locative fulda fullarda
                    ablative fuldan fullardan
                    genitive fulun fulların
                    Possessive forms
                    nominative
                    singular plural
                    1st singular fulum fullarım
                    2nd singular fulun fulların
                    3rd singular fulu fulları
                    1st plural fulumuz fullarımız
                    2nd plural fulunuz fullarınız
                    3rd plural fulları fulları
                    definite accusative
                    singular plural
                    1st singular fulumu fullarımı
                    2nd singular fulunu fullarını
                    3rd singular fulunu fullarını
                    1st plural fulumuzu fullarımızı
                    2nd plural fulunuzu fullarınızı
                    3rd plural fullarını fullarını
                    dative
                    singular plural
                    1st singular fuluma fullarıma
                    2nd singular fuluna fullarına
                    3rd singular fuluna fullarına
                    1st plural fulumuza fullarımıza
                    2nd plural fulunuza fullarınıza
                    3rd plural fullarına fullarına
                    locative
                    singular plural
                    1st singular fulumda fullarımda
                    2nd singular fulunda fullarında
                    3rd singular fulunda fullarında
                    1st plural fulumuzda fullarımızda
                    2nd plural fulunuzda fullarınızda
                    3rd plural fullarında fullarında
                    ablative
                    singular plural
                    1st singular fulumdan fullarımdan
                    2nd singular fulundan fullarından
                    3rd singular fulundan fullarından
                    1st plural fulumuzdan fullarımızdan
                    2nd plural fulunuzdan fullarınızdan
                    3rd plural fullarından fullarından
                    genitive
                    singular plural
                    1st singular fulumun fullarımın
                    2nd singular fulunun fullarının
                    3rd singular fulunun fullarının
                    1st plural fulumuzun fullarımızın
                    2nd plural fulunuzun fullarınızın
                    3rd plural fullarının fullarının
                    Derived terms
                    [edit]

                    Further reading

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                    Volapük

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                    Noun

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                    ful (genitive fula, plural fuls)

                    1. fullness

                    Declension

                    [edit]
                    Declension of ful
                    Singular Plural
                    Nominative ful fuls
                    Genitive fula fulas
                    Dative fule fules
                    Accusative fuli fulis
                    Predicative1 fulu fulus
                    Vocative o ful o fuls
                    1. Introduced in Volapük Nulik.