gur

See also: Appendix:Variations of "gur"

Languages (14)

Albanian • Azerbaijani • Bissa • Burushaski • Chinese • Irish • Middle English • North Frisian • Northern Kurdish • Scottish Gaelic • Sumerian • Turka • Yapese

Page categories

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English Gurenne.

Symbol

gur

(international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Farefare.

Albanian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Albanian *gūr < *gurə < PPA *guri- /*gurV-, from o-grade of Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥H- (“mountain”), from *gʷerH-. Compare Lithuanian gùras (“promontory”), Serbo-Croatian gòra, Ancient Greek δεῖρος (deîros).^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɡuɾ] (Tosk)
IPA^(key): [ɡuɹ] (Gheg)

Noun

gur m (plural gurë, definite guri, definite plural gurët)

stone, rock
boulder
(medicine) calculus
precious stone, gem
pith of some fruits

Declension

Declension of **gur**
	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	gur	guri	gurë	gurët
accusative	gur	gurin	gurë	gurët
dative	guri	gurit	gurëve	gurëve
ablative	guri	gurit	gurësh	gurëve

Synonyms

Derived terms

Related terms

gur gur bëhet mur

References

^ Orel, Vladimir (1998), “gur”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Cologne: Brill, →ISBN, page 127
^ Demiraj, Bardhyl et al. (2021), “gur”, in DPEWA. Digitales Philologisch-Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altalbanischen [DPEWA. Digital Philological-Etymological Dictionary of Old Albanian]

Azerbaijani

Other scripts
Cyrillic		ҝур
Arabic		گور

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kür.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɟur], [d͡ʒur]
Audio (Baku): (file)

Adjective

gur (comparative daha gur, superlative ən gur, intensive gumgur)

heavy, intense (of great force, power, or intensity)
gur yağış ― heavy rain
bright (of light)
gur işıq ― bright light
loud (of voice)
gur səs ― loud voice
noisy
gur küçələr ― noisy streets

gur bazar ― noisy bazars
dense, thick (of hair)
gur saçlar ― thick hair

gur yal ― thick mane
seething, rough, bubbling (of water)
lively, busy, full of life
gur alver ― lively bargaining; lively trade

Adverb

gur

strongly, strong, hard, heavily
Synonym: bərk

ocaq gur yanır ― the fire burns strong [in the hearth]

yağış gur yağır ― it is raining heavily

Derived terms

gurluq

Descendants

→ Armenian: գյուռ (gyuṙ)

References

Orucov, Əliheydər, editor (2006), “gur”, in Azərbaycan dilinin izahlı lüğəti [Explanatory Dictionary of the Azerbaijani Language]‎^[4] (in Azerbaijani), 2nd edition, volume 2, Baku: Şərq-Qərb, pages 296-297

^ Sevortjan, E. V. (1980), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow: Nauka, page 106

Bissa

Noun

gur

egg

Burushaski

Noun

gur

wheat

Chinese

For pronunciation and definitions of g u r – see 啹 (“to be not discontented; to accept; etc.”). (This term is a variant form of 啹).

Irish

Etymology

go +‎ -r

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɡʊɾˠ/, /ɡəɾˠ/^[1]^[2]

Conjunction

gur (triggers lenition)

that (used to introduce a subordinate clause beginning with a verb in the past tense, with the exception of some irregular verbs)
Dúirt sé gur chuala sé na héin.
He said that he heard the birds.
(Munster) introduces an indirect relative clause beginning with a verb in the past tense, with the exception of some irregular verbs
an cailín gur ól a cat an bainne ― the girl whose cat drank the milk

Particle

gur (triggers lenition in the past/conditional, present/future form before a vowel gurb, past/conditional form before a vowel gurbh)

that... is
Deir sé gur maith leis tae.
He says that he likes tea.
that... was/would be
Dúirt sé gur mhaith leis tae.
He said that he liked/would like tea.
(Munster) Introduces an indirect relative clause
an fear gur múinteoir a mhac
the man whose son is a teacher

an fear gur mhúinteoir a mhac
the man whose son was a teacher

Related terms

Irish copular forms
simple copular forms
present/future		affirmative	negative	interrogative	negative interrogative
main clause		is	ní	an	nach, nách^d
relative clause	direct	is	nach, nách^d	—
relative clause	indirect	ar, arb^v		—
other subordinate clause		gur, gurb^v		an	nach, nách^d

past/conditional		affirmative	negative	interrogative	negative interrogative
main clause		ba, b’^v	níor, níorbh^v	ar, arbh^v	nár, nárbh^v
relative clause	direct	ba, ab^v	nár, nárbh^v	—
relative clause	indirect	ar, arbh^v		—
other subordinate clause		gur, gurbh^v		ar, arbh^v	nár, nárbh^v

present subjunctive		affirmative	negative
—		gura, gurab^v	nára, nárab^v

compound copular forms
base word		present/future		past/conditional
cá		cár, cárb^v		cár, cárbh^v
cé		cér, cérb^v		cér, cérbh^v
dá		—		dá mba, dá mb’^v
de/do		dar, darb^v		dar, darbh^v
faoi		faoinar, faoinarb^v		faoinar, faoinarbh^v
i		inar, inarb^v		inar, inarbh^v
le		lenar, lenarb^v		lenar, lenarbh^v
má		más		má ba, má b’^v
mura		mura, murab^v		murar, murarbh^v
ó (preposition)		ónar, ónarb^v		ónar, ónarbh^v
ó (conjunction)		ós		ó ba, ó b’^v
trí		trínar, trínarb^v		trínar, trínarbh^v

^v Used before vowel sounds ^d Dialectal

References

^ Finck, F. N. (1899), Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 129
^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906), A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 101

Middle English

Determiner

gur

alternative form of your

North Frisian

Alternative forms

gud (Föhr-Amrum)
goud (Goesharde)
gööd (Halligen)
gödj (Mooring)
guid (Wiedingharde)

Etymology

From Old Frisian gōd, from Proto-West Germanic *gōd, from Proto-Germanic *gōdaz (“good”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ- (“to join; to unite; to suit”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɡ̊ʊɐ̯]

Adjective

gur (comparative beeter, superlative beest)

(Sylt) good

Inflection

Inflection of **gur** (Sylt dialect)
	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	plural
positive
predicative / adverbial	gur
attributive	gur
independent	guren	gur	guren
partitive	gurs		—
comparative
predicative / adverbial	beeter
attributive	beeter
independent	beeteren	beeter	beeteren
partitive	beeters		—
superlative
predicative / adverbial	am beesten
attributive	beest
independent	—	beest	beesten

Northern Kurdish

Kurdish Wikipedia has an article on:

gur

Wikipedia ^ku

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *wŕ̥kah.

Noun

Northern Kurdish	gur
Central Kurdish	گورگ (gurg)

gur

wolf

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

gur m (genitive singular guir)

verbal noun of guir

Derived terms

bocsa guir (“nest box”)

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Conjunction

gur

that
Tha e ag ràdh gur e Suòmach a tha ann.
He says that he is a Finn.

Etymology 3

Contraction of aig (“at”) +‎ ur (“your (pl.)”)

Pronunciation

(Lewis, Wester Ross) IPA^(key): /ɣa(ː)ɾ/^[1]^[2]^[3]
(Southern Hebridean, Skye) IPA^(key): /ɡ̊aɾ/^[4]^[5]

Preposition

gur (+ dative)

you (plural or formal singular, direct object)
Nach eil mi gur tuigsinn? ― Don't I understand you?

Usage notes

Lewis, Harris and Trotternish dialects add the prefix h- to the following word if it begins with a vowel:
Tha mi gur h-iarraidh. ― I am looking for you.
Whereas Uist, Barra, western and southern Skye dialects add the prefix n-. This form is more commonly taught to learners:
Bidh iad gur n-iarraidh ann. ― They'll want you there.

Related terms

References

^ Oftedal, M. (1956), A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap, page 213
^ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1940), A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. I: The dialects of the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap, page 102
^ Wentworth, Roy (2003), Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN, page 5
^ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937), The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap, page 178
^ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎^[1], Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh, page 171

Sumerian

Romanization

gur

romanization of 𒄥 (gur)

Turka

Numeral

gur

twenty

References

Lexique Tchourama-Français Français-Tchourama‎^[5], preliminary edition, Société Internationale de Linguistique (SIL), 2003

Yapese

Pronoun

gur

Second-person singular pronoun; you

[1] Orel, Vladimir (1998), “gur”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Cologne: Brill, →ISBN, page 127

[2] Demiraj, Bardhyl et al. (2021), “gur”, in DPEWA. Digitales Philologisch-Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altalbanischen [DPEWA. Digital Philological-Etymological Dictionary of Old Albanian]

[3] Sevortjan, E. V. (1980), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow: Nauka, page 106

[4] Finck, F. N. (1899), Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 129

[5] Quiggin, E. C. (1906), A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 101

[6] Oftedal, M. (1956), A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap, page 213

[7] Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1940), A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. I: The dialects of the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap, page 102

[8] Wentworth, Roy (2003), Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN, page 5

[9] Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937), The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap, page 178

[10] John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎^[1], Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh, page 171

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Translingual

Etymology

Symbol

See also

Albanian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Synonyms

Derived terms

Related terms

References

Further reading

Azerbaijani

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Adverb

Derived terms

Descendants

References

Bissa

Noun

Burushaski

Noun

Chinese

Irish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Conjunction

Particle

Related terms

References

Middle English

Determiner

North Frisian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Inflection

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

Noun

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology 1

Noun

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Conjunction

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Preposition

Usage notes

Related terms

References

Sumerian

Romanization

Turka

Numeral

References

Yapese

Pronoun