sag

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sag"

Translingual

Etymology

Abbreviation of English Sango or Sango Sängö.

Symbol

sag

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Sango.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Sango terms

English

Etymology 1

From earlier sag, sagg, sack, from Middle English saggen, probably from Middle Low German sacken (“to sink, drift”), ultimately of North Germanic/Scandinavian/Old Norse origin, akin to Old Norse søkkva (“to sink”), a denasalized derivative of Proto-Germanic *sankwijaną (“to cause to sink”), related to Proto-Germanic *sinkwaną (“to sink”).

Cognate with Scots seg (“to sink”), Danish sakke (“to lag behind”), Swedish sacka (“to lag”), Icelandic sakka (“to sink”), Faroese søkka (“to sink, drop down, descend, set”), Dutch zakken (“to fall, drop, sink”), German Low German sacken (“to sink”), and German sacken (“to sink”) (from Low German).

Compare also Norwegian Nynorsk sagga (“to walk or move heavily and slowly”).

Alternative forms

• seg, segg (dialectal)
• sack (obsolete)

Pronunciation

• (without æ-raising before /ɡ/)
  • (Received Pronunciation, General American, Australia) IPA^(key): /sæɡ/
  • (Standard Southern British, Northern England, Scotland, Wales) IPA^(key): /saɡ/

    • Audio (Standard Southern British):

      (file)

  • (Australia) IPA^(key): /sæːɡ/
  • (New Zealand) IPA^(key): /sɛɡ/
• (æ-raising before /ɡ/)
  • (Upper Midwestern US, Northwestern US, Canada) IPA^(key): /seɪ̯ɡ/
• Rhymes: -æɡ
• Hyphenation: sag

Noun

sag (countable and uncountable, plural sags)

1. The state of sinking or bending; a droop.
2. A depression or dip in anything.
3. A place where the surface of the earth, a mountain range, a ridge, etc., sinks or droops.
   • 1905, Louis Valentine Pirsson, Petrography and Geology of the Igneous Rocks of the Highwood ..., page 43:

     a mass of igneous rock […] shown as a semicircular area of shonkinite exposed in the west wall of the sag. From the valley below, it appears as a dark cliff, perhaps 100 feet in height and a few hundred yards long.

   • 2016 March 10, William T. Parry, Geology of Utah's Mountains, Peaks, and Plateaus: Including descriptions of cliffs, valleys, and climate history, FriesenPress, →ISBN:

     Gunsight Peak north of the sag marks the southern end of the Malad Range that extends into Idaho. Complexly faulted Cambrian and Ordovician shelf sedimentary rocks are present […]

4. The difference in elevation of a wire, cable, chain or rope suspended between two consecutive points.
5. The difference in height or depth between the vertex and the rim of a curved surface, specifically used for optical elements such as a mirror or lens.
6. A region or spot where the skin has lost some of its elasticity and droops or hangs down.
7. A person with sagging skin.
   • 1950, Dorothy M. Johnson, A Man Called Horse; in Indian Country, London: Corgi, 1961, page 173:

     She was bossy and proud, a dreadful sag of skin and bones, and she was a devilish hard worker.

Translations

state of sinking or bending — see also droop

• Bulgarian: хлътване (bg) n (hlătvane)
• Dutch: (het) zakken (nl)
• Finnish: roikkuminen (fi), painuminen (fi); taipuminen (fi)
• Italian: cedimento (it) m, colata (it) f (di vernice)
• Portuguese: cedimento m, afundamento (pt) m
• Spanish: caída (es) f, caimiento m (uncommon), colgamiento m

difference in elevation

• Bulgarian: провисванв n (provisvanv)
• Dutch: hoogteverschil (nl) n
• Finnish: roikkuma
• French: flèche (fr) f
• Italian: abbassamento (it) m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: høydeforskjell m

• Polish: obniżenie (pl) n
• Spanish: flecha (es) f

difference in height or depth between the vertex and the rim of a curved surface

Verb

sag (third-person singular simple present sags, present participle sagging, simple past and past participle sagged)

1. To sink, in the middle, by its weight or under applied pressure, below a horizontal line or plane.

   A line or cable supported by its ends sags, even if it is tightly drawn.

   The floor of a room sags.

   Her once firm bosom began to sag in her thirties.

   1. (by extension) To lean, give way, or settle from a vertical position.

      A building may sag one way or another.

      The door sags on its hinges.

      • 1890, Great Britain. High Court of Justice. Probate, Divorce, and Admiralty Division, The Law Reports. Probate Division in the Courts of Probate and Divorce: In the Admiralty and Ecclesiastical Courts, and in the Privy Council, from Michaelmas Sittings, 1875, to 1890 (volume 5)

        The weather became more and more threatening; the ship sagged to the leeward more than she ought.

   2. (figuratively) To lose firmness, elasticity, vigor, or a thriving state; to sink; to droop; to flag; to bend; to yield, as the mind or spirits, under the pressure of care, trouble, doubt, or the like; to be unsettled or unbalanced.
      • c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene iii]:

        The mind I sway by, and the heart I bear, / Shall never sag with doubt nor shake with fear.

2. (intransitive, of a story, e.g., movie) To fail to sustain interest; to be boring.

   The movie really sags after the chase scene.

3. To loiter in walking; to idle along; to drag or droop heavily.
   • 1949, Dorothy M. Johnson, The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance; in Indian Country, London: Corgi, 1961, page 106:

     When Handy had gone, Bert Barricue sagged in, unwashed, unshaven. He sat down stiffly.

4. (transitive) To cause to bend or give way; to load.
5. (informal) Senses relating to clothing
   1. (transitive) To wear one's trousers, shorts, etc., so that their top is well below the waist.

      He sags his pants real low.

   2. (intransitive, of trousers, shorts, etc.) To be worn so that the top is well below the waist.

      His pants were sagging low.

   3. (informal, Canada) To pull down someone else's pants as a prank.

Quotations

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:sag.

Derived terms

• antisag
• sag bag
• sagbend
• sagflation
• sagger
• saggy
• sagless
• sag off
• sag pond
• sagproof
• sag wagon

Translations

to sink — see also droop

• Bulgarian: хлътвам (bg) (hlătvam)
• Dutch: doorzakken (nl), doorhangen (nl), scheefzakken (nl)
• Esperanto: fleksi (eo)
• Finnish: roikkua (fi) (cable, rope etc.); painua (fi) (surface); painua (fi) (rod, bar etc.)
• French: ployer (fr)
• German: durchhängen (de)
• Italian: flettersi (it), cedere (it)
• Māori: wheoro, tāwharu
• Portuguese: afundar (pt)
• Russian: проседа́ть (ru) impf (prosedátʹ), просе́сть (ru) pf (proséstʹ)
• Spanish: ahondar (es)
• Swedish: sagga (sv), säcka (sv), sjunka (sv)
• Turkish:

  Ottoman Turkish: بایلمق (bayılmak) (of plants)

• Ukrainian: провиса́ти impf (provysáty), прови́снути pf (provýsnuty), просіда́ти impf (prosidáty), просі́сти pf (prosísty), прогина́тися impf (prohynátysja), прогну́тися pf (prohnútysja)

to give way from a vertical position

• Bulgarian: провисвам (bg) (provisvam)
• Finnish: painua (fi), kallistua (fi)
• German: einsinken (de), absinken (de)
• Italian: inclinarsi

to lose firmness

• Dutch: verslappen (nl), nalaten (nl), doorhangen (nl)
• Esperanto: kolapsi
• Finnish: taipua (fi), notkahtaa (fi)
• French: s'affaisser (fr)
• German: ausleiern (de)
• Italian: deperire (it), estenuarsi, smorzarsi, cedere (it)
• Portuguese: ceder (pt)

to loiter in walking

• Bulgarian: мъкна се (măkna se)
• Dutch: slenteren (nl), rondhangen (nl), treuzelen (nl)
• Finnish: löntystää (fi), löntystellä (fi)
• German: schlendern (de)
• Italian: barcollare (it)
• Russian: слоня́ться (ru) impf (slonjátʹsja)

to cause to bend

• Dutch: doen (nl) zakken (nl), plooien (nl)
• Finnish: taivuttaa (fi)
• Georgian: ჩაზნექა (čazneka)
• Italian: flettere (it)

to wear pants low

• Georgian: ჩახდა (čaxda)
• Italian: indossare pantaloni a vita bassa, indossare pantaloni penzolanti
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: sægge

  Nynorsk: sægga

• Swedish: ha häng

Etymology 2

Noun

sag (usually uncountable, plural sags)

1. Alternative form of saag.
   • 2003, Charles Campion, The Rough Guide to London Restaurants, page 173:

     The dal tarka (£5) is made from whole yellow split peas, while sag aloo (£5) brings potatoes in a rich and oily spinach puree.

Anagrams

• AGs, GSA, GAs, AGS, GAS, ags, Gas, ASG, SGA, Ags., gas

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch zacht.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saχ/, [säχ], [sɐχ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

sag (attributive sagte, comparative sagter, superlative sagste)

1. soft

Bukhari

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ

Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwā́

Proto-Iranian *cwā́

Old Persian *sakah

Middle Persian [Term?] (/⁠sag⁠/)

Classical Persian سَگ (sag)

Tajik саг (sag)

Bukhari sag

Inherited from Tajik саг (sag).

Noun

sag (Cyrillic spelling саг, Hebrew spelling סַגּ)

1. dog
   • 1904, Shimon ben Eliyahu Hakham, “Yake Buzghola [One Little Goat]”‎^[1]:

     Ve biyomad sag ve bigozid be pishok, onchi bixūrd be buzghola, onchi bixarid padar be du tanga. Jon buzghola, jon buzghola.

     A dog came and bit the cat that ate the goat that my father bought for two zuzim, for two zuzim.

Danish

Etymology

From Old Danish sak, from Old Norse sǫk, from Proto-Germanic *sakō. Cognate with Swedish sak, Icelandic sök, English sake, Dutch zaak, German Sache.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saːɡ/, [sæːˀj]
• Rhymes: -aːɡ

Noun

sag c (singular definite sagen, plural indefinite sager)

1. matter, affair

   Jeg er ikke bekendt med alle sagens detaljer.

   I am not acquainted with all the details of the matter.

2. cause (grand mission)

   Jeg er villig til at dø for sagen.

   I am willing to die for the cause.

3. thing

   Jeg går lige ind og pakker mine sager ud.

   I'll go inside and pack out my things.

4. case, lawsuit

   Den 27-årige nægtede sig skyldig i spritkørsel, så sagen måtte udsættes.

   The 27-year-old pleaded not guilty to drunk driving, so the case had to be adjourned.

5. file

   Jeg tog mine papirer og sager med mig hjem.

   I took my papers and cases home with me.

6. food (only in plural)

   Tjeneren var ved at stable en masse lækre sager op på bordet.

   The waiter was stacking a lot of delicious things on the table.

Inflection

Declension of sag

common gender	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	sag	sagen	sager	sagerne
genitive	sags	sagens	sagers	sagernes

Synonyms

• (legal case): retssag

References

• “sag” in Den Danske Ordbog
• “sag” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse sǫg, from Proto-Germanic *sagō, from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɛaː/
• Homophone: sæð

Noun

sag f (genitive singular sagar, plural sagir)

1. saw; a tool with a toothed blade used for cutting hard substances, in particular wood or metal

Declension

f2	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	sag	sagin	sagir	sagirnar
accusative	sag	sagina	sagir	sagirnar
dative	sag	sagini	sagum	sagunum
genitive	sagar	sagarinnar	saga	saganna

Derived terms

• sagarblað
• sagarmaður
• sagartonn

German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zaːk/ (standard)
• IPA^(key): /zax/ (northern and central Germany; very common)

• Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aːk, -ax

Verb

sag

1. singular imperative of sagen
2. (colloquial) first-person singular present of sagen

Icelandic

Etymology

From the verb saga (“to saw”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈsaːɣ]
• Rhymes: -aːɣ

Noun

sag n (genitive singular sags, no plural)

1. sawdust

Declension

Declension of sag (sg-only neuter)

	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	sag	sagið
accusative	sag	sagið
dative	sagi	saginu
genitive	sags	sagsins

Anagrams

• gas

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From Old Norse sǫg, from Proto-Germanic *sagō, from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”).

Noun

sag f or m (definite singular saga or sagen, indefinite plural sager, definite plural sagene)

1. (tools) a saw
2. sawmill

Derived terms

• betongsag
• motorsag
• sagbruk
• sagmugg
• sirkelsag

Etymology 2

Verb

sag

1. imperative of sage

References

• “sag” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse sǫg.

Noun

sag f (definite singular saga, indefinite plural sager, definite plural sagene)

1. (tools) a saw
2. sawmill

Derived terms

• betongsag
• motorsag
• sagbruk
• sagmugg
• sirkelsag

Related terms

• saga (“to saw”)

References

• “sag” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɑːɡ/, [sɑːɣ]
• Rhymes: -ɑːɡ

Verb

sāg

1. first/third-person singular preterite indicative of sīgan

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Latin sagum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sâːɡ/

Noun

sȃg m inan (Cyrillic spelling са̑г)

1. carpet, rug

   Synonym: tèpih

Declension

Declension of sag

	singular	plural
nominative	sȃg	ságovi
genitive	saga	sagova
dative	sagu	sagovima
accusative	sag	sagove
vocative	sagu / saže	sagove
locative	sagu	sagovima
instrumental	sagom	sagovima