Kogin Lukuga
| Kogin Lukuga | |
|---|---|
 | |
| General information | |
| Tsawo | 320 km |
| Labarin ƙasa | |
 | |
| Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa | 5°39′33″S 26°55′00″E / 5.659206°S 26.91654°E |
| Kasa | Jamhuriyar dimokuradiyya Kwango |
| Territory | Lardin Katanga |
Hydrography (en)  | |
| Tributary (en) | duba
|
| Watershed area (en) | 244,500 km² |
| Ruwan ruwa | Kongo Basin |
| Tabkuna | Tafkin Tanganyika |
| River source (en) | Tafkin Tanganyika |
| River mouth (en) | Kogin Lualaba da Kogin Congo |
Kogin Lukuga ( Swahili ) wani magudanar ruwa ne na Kogin Lualaba a Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyyar Kongo (DRC) wanda ke malalar da Tafkin Tanganyika . Abin mamaki ne domin kwararar ruwansa ba wai kawai ta yanayi ba ne, har ma da canjin yanayi na dogon lokaci.
Wuri
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Garin Lukuga yana tafiya ne a gefen arewa na Katanga Plateau . [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2012)">ana buƙatar ambato</span> ] Kogin ya bar Tafkin Tanganyika a Kalemie kuma yana gudana ta cikin wani rami a tsaunukan yamma ta hanyar Lardin Tanganyika don shiga Lualaba tsakanin Kabalo da Kongolo . [1] Yawanci kogin yana da kashi 18% na asarar ruwa daga tafkin, sauran kuma saboda ƙafewar ruwa ne. [2] Lukuga yana da ma'adinai sosai. [3] Adadin abubuwan da ke cikin ionic inda Kogin Lukga ya bar tafkin, tare da magnesium da potassium sun fi yawa fiye da calcium da sodium, ya faru ne sakamakon shigar da iskar gas ta Albertine Rift, kamar yadda aka gani a mashigar Tafkin Kivu da Tafkin Edward . [4]
Da alama tsarin ruwa na yanzu ya samo asali ne kwanan nan lokacin da aman wuta na Virunga masu aiki suka fashe suka toshe kwararar ruwa daga Tafkin Kivu zuwa Tafkin Edward, wanda hakan ya sa ya kwarara zuwa kudu zuwa Tafkin Tanganyika ta Kogin Ruzizi . Kafin haka, Tafkin Tanganyika, ko kuma ƙananan kwaruruka daban-daban a cikin abin da yanzu tafkin yake, wataƙila ba shi da hanyar fita sai dai ƙafewa. [5]
Lukuga tana da matuƙar sha'awa ga masana kimiyyar ruwa, domin yawan ruwan da take ɗauka daga tafkin ya bambanta sosai lokaci zuwa lokaci. [6] Gudun kogin ya fi yawa a watan Mayu kuma mafi ƙaranci a watan Nuwamba, wanda ya yi daidai da sauyin yanayi a matakin tafkin. [2] Kogin yana da matuƙar saurin kamuwa da canjin yanayi na dogon lokaci, kamar Neolithic Subpluvial kusan 4000 BC. [4] Tun daga shekarar 1965, fitar ruwan ya yi ta ƙaruwa, kodayake jimillar fitar ruwan Congo na raguwa. [2]
An samu Lukuga kwanan nan, wanda hakan ya samar da hanyar da nau'ikan ruwa na Tafkin Kongo za su iya mamaye Tafkin Tanganyika. [7] Kogin gida ne ga dorinar ruwa da kada. [8] Akwai ma'adanan kwal marasa inganci a gefen magudanar ruwan kogin a arewacin Kalemie da Moluba. [9]
Shekarun farko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Lukuga a arewa, Tafkin Tanganyika, Kogin Luvua a kudu da kuma Lualaba sun samar da yanki wanda a da mutanen Hemba ke mamaye da shi a yankin yamma da kuma mutanen Tumbwe a gabashin tsaunuka. Kasangas na zuriyar Tumbwe sun mallaki ƙananan jihohi daban-daban a wannan yankin. [10] Ƙasan Lukuga da Lualaba layukan sadarwa ne na halitta, kuma kwarurukan kogin suna da cunkoso. [10] A kusan rabin shekara ta 1800, a rabin shekara ta biyu ta mulkin Sarkin Luba Ilunga Sungu, sojojin Luba sun kai hare-hare kan Lualaba wanda a wani lokaci ya kai har zuwa Kalemie. Wasu daga cikin Luba sun zauna a yankin, kuma mutanen da ke kewaye da Kalemie sun kasance ƙarƙashin Luba a cikin mulkin Kumwimbe Ngombe da Ilunga Kabale masu zuwa. [10]
Luba ta haɓaka ra'ayin "sarkin wuta" don yin mulkin yankunan daularsu kamar hanyar Luvua-Lukuga, inda sarkin yankin yake kusan daidai da sarkin Luba, yana aika kyaututtuka lokaci-lokaci kawai. An gabatar da ƙungiyoyin sirri na bamdudye da bakasandji a yankin, suna ba da tatsuniyoyi na asali waɗanda suka taimaka wajen halatta matsayin sarakunan wuta. Mutanen Holoholo na Kalemie sun karɓi kuma sun daidaita waɗannan tatsuniyoyi a ƙarshen ƙarni na sha tara. [10] Jihar Hemba ta Kyombo Mkubwa ta zama babbar jihar abokin ciniki ta Daular Luba. [10] Duk da haka, lokacin da Turawa suka fara shiga yankin, ɗan Msiri Simbi, yana ci gaba daga kudu yana ƙulla kawance da sarakunan Hemba akan kutse daga Tippu Tip, ya raba Kyombo Mkubwa daga tsakiyar Luba. [10]
Lambobin sadarwa na Turai
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A kusan shekarar 1871, David Livingstone ya lura da fashewar tsaunukan da "Logumba" ya ratsa ta, kuma ya ba da shawarar cewa kogin na iya zama mashigar tafkin Tanganyika, kuma akwai wasu hanyoyin fita daga arewa. [11] Verney Lovett Cameron ya isa kogin a daidai inda ya bar tafkin a watan Mayu na shekarar 1874 a tafiyarsa ta fadin Afirka daga gabas zuwa yamma. Ya tabbatar da cewa ita ce kawai mashigar tafkin Tanganyika, amma bai sami jagora da zai raka shi a kan kogin don tabbatar da cewa ya kwarara zuwa cikin Lualaba ba. [12] A shekarar 1876, Henry Morton Stanley ya ziyarci tafkin. Lokacin da ya isa, matakin tafkin ya yi ƙasa kuma ya bayyana Lukuga a matsayin babban rafi da ke shimfiɗa yamma zuwa nesa mai nisa. Duk da haka, ya yarda cewa yayin da matakin tafkin ya tashi, Lukuga zai zama mashiga. [13] Da alama yashi ya yi tahowa a bakin kogin, kuma kogin ya yi latti a bayan sandar. [5]
A shekarar 1879, Joseph Thomson ya zo Kasenge daga Pambete, yana tafiya ta cikin ƙasa mai wahala. Ya gano cewa kogin Lukga babban kogi ne mai gudu da sauri. Ya bi hanyar kogin na tsawon kwanaki kaɗan, amma mazauna yankin masu adawa da shi sun hana shi ci gaba da bincikensa. [14] Lokacin da Hermann von Wissmann ya isa kogin a shekarar 1882, ya gano cewa kogin ya zama ruwan sama mai sauri da faɗi. Ya kuma lura cewa matakin tafkin ya kai 4.8 metres (16 ft) a ƙasa da mafi girman alamar ruwa. [5]
A yau
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tun daga shekarar 2008, Lukuga ta gurɓata sosai a daidai lokacin da ta shiga Lualaba. [15] A watan Disamba na 2010, an ja fitaccen mai tuka jirgin ruwa na Afirka ta Kudu kuma mai bincike Hendrik Coetzee daga cikin jirgin ruwansa a Lukuga kuma wani kada ya kashe shi. [8]
